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Kwartz-ruby 3.0 Reference Guide

1   Pesentation Logic

Presentation logic format in Kwartz is similar to Cascading Style Sheet (CSS).

• Presentation logic file is a set of ruleset.
• Ruleset is a pair of selector and declarations.
• Declaration is a pair of property and value.

plogic       ::=  ruleset*
ruleset      ::=  selector '{' [ declaration ';' ]* '}'
selector     ::=  '#' name
declaration  ::=  property ':' value
property     ::=  'elem'   | 'Elem'   | 'ELEM'
               |  'stag'   | 'Stag'   | 'STAG'
	       |  'etag'   | 'Etag'   | 'ETAG'
	       |  'cont'   | 'Cont'   | 'CONT'
	       |  'value'  | 'Value'  | 'VALUE'
	       |  'attrs'  | 'Attrs'  | 'ATTRS'
	       |  'append' | 'Append' | 'APPEND'
	       |  'remove'
	       |  'logic'

Notice that the tail semicolon of declaration is not omittable.

1-1   elem, Elem, ELEM

elem:, Elem:, and ELEM: properties replaces the element with expression value.

Elem: always escape expression value while ELEM: never escape it. elem: escapes when command-line option '-e' is specified or configuration option 'PROPERTY_ESCAPE' is ture.

1-1-1   Ruby

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  elem: user[:name];
}
#name2 {
  Elem: user[:name];
}
#name3 {
  ELEM: user[:name];
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-elem.plogic ex-elem.pdata
<%= user[:name] %>
<%=h user[:name] %>
<%= user[:name] %>

1-1-2   PHP

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  elem: $user['name'];
}
#name2 {
  Elem: $user['name'];
}
#name3 {
  ELEM: $user['name'];
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-elem.plogic ex-elem.pdata
<?php echo $user['name']; ?>
<?php echo htmlspecialchars($user['name']); ?>
<?php echo $user['name']; ?>

1-1-3   JSP

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  elem: user.name;
}
#name2 {
  Elem: user.name;
}
#name3 {
  ELEM: user.name;
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-elem.plogic ex-elem.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
${user.name}
${user.name}
<c:out value="${user.name}" escapeXml="false"/>

1-1-4   Perl

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  elem: $user{'name'};
}
#name2 {
  Elem: $user{'name'};
}
#name3 {
  ELEM: $user{'name'};
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-elem.plogic ex-elem.pdata
<?= $user{'name'} !>
<?= encode_entities($user{'name'}) !>
<?= $user{'name'} !>

1-2   cont, Cont, CONT

cont:, Cont:, and CONT: properties replaces the element with expression value.

Cont: always escape expression value while CONT: never escape it. cont: escapes when command-line option '-e' is specified or configuration option 'PROPERTY_ESCAPE' is ture.

1-2-1   Ruby

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  cont: user[:name];
}
#name2 {
  Cont: user[:name];
}
#name3 {
  CONT: user[:name];
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-cont.plogic ex-cont.pdata
<p><%= user[:name] %></p>
<p><%=h user[:name] %></p>
<p><%= user[:name] %></p>

1-2-2   PHP

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  cont: $user['name'];
}
#name2 {
  Cont: $user['name'];
}
#name3 {
  CONT: $user['name'];
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-cont.plogic ex-cont.pdata
<p><?php echo $user['name']; ?></p>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars($user['name']); ?></p>
<p><?php echo $user['name']; ?></p>

1-2-3   JSP

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  cont: user.name;
}
#name2 {
  Cont: user.name;
}
#name3 {
  CONT: user.name;
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-cont.plogic ex-cont.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<p>${user.name}</p>
<p>${user.name}</p>
<p><c:out value="${user.name}" escapeXml="false"/></p>

1-2-4   Perl

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  cont: $user{'name'};
}
#name2 {
  Cont: $user{'name'};
}
#name3 {
  CONT: $user{'name'};
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-cont.plogic ex-cont.pdata
<p><?= $user{'name'} !></p>
<p><?= encode_entities($user{'name'}) !></p>
<p><?= $user{'name'} !></p>

1-3   value, Value, VALUE

value:, Value:, and VALUE: properties replaces the element with expression value. These are the same as cont:, Cont:, and CONT: properties respectively.

1-3-1   Ruby

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  value: user[:name];
}
#name2 {
  Value: user[:name];
}
#name3 {
  VALUE: user[:name];
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-value.plogic ex-value.pdata
<p><%= user[:name] %></p>
<p><%=h user[:name] %></p>
<p><%= user[:name] %></p>

1-3-2   PHP

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  value: $user['name'];
}
#name2 {
  Value: $user['name'];
}
#name3 {
  VALUE: $user['name'];
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-value.plogic ex-value.pdata
<p><?php echo $user['name']; ?></p>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars($user['name']); ?></p>
<p><?php echo $user['name']; ?></p>

1-3-3   JSP

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  value: user.name;
}
#name2 {
  Value: user.name;
}
#name3 {
  VALUE: user.name;
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-value.plogic ex-value.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<p>${user.name}</p>
<p>${user.name}</p>
<p><c:out value="${user.name}" escapeXml="false"/></p>

1-3-4   Perl

<p id="mark:name1">aaa</p>
<p id="mark:name2">bbb</p>
<p id="mark:name3">ccc</p>

#name1 {
  value: $user{'name'};
}
#name2 {
  Value: $user{'name'};
}
#name3 {
  VALUE: $user{'name'};
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-value.plogic ex-value.pdata
<p><?= $user{'name'} !></p>
<p><?= encode_entities($user{'name'}) !></p>
<p><?= $user{'name'} !></p>

1-4   stag, Stag, STAG

stage:, Stag:, and STAG: properties replaces the start-tag with expression value.

Stag: always escape expression value while STAG: never escape it. stag: escapes when command-line option '-e' is specified or configuration option 'PROPERTY_ESCAPE' is ture.

1-4-1   Ruby

<a href="#" id="mark:link1"><img src="button1.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link2"><img src="button2.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link3"><img src="button3.png"></a>

#link1 {
  stag: start_link_tag :action=>'list';
}
#link2 {
  Stag: start_link_tag :action=>'list';
}
#link3 {
  STAG: start_link_tag :action=>'list';
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-stag.plogic ex-stag.pdata
<%= start_link_tag :action=>'list' %><img src="button1.png"></a>
<%=h start_link_tag :action=>'list' %><img src="button2.png"></a>
<%= start_link_tag :action=>'list' %><img src="button3.png"></a>

1-4-2   PHP

<a href="#" id="mark:link1"><img src="button1.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link2"><img src="button2.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link3"><img src="button3.png"></a>

#link1 {
  stag: start_link_tag('member/list');
}
#link2 {
  Stag: start_link_tag('member/list');
}
#link3 {
  STAG: start_link_tag('member/list');
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-stag.plogic ex-stag.pdata
<?php echo start_link_tag('member/list'); ?><img src="button1.png"></a>
<?php echo htmlspecialchars(start_link_tag('member/list')); ?><img src="button2.png"></a>
<?php echo start_link_tag('member/list'); ?><img src="button3.png"></a>

1-4-3   JSP

<a href="#" id="mark:link1"><img src="button1.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link2"><img src="button2.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link3"><img src="button3.png"></a>

#link1 {
  stag: fn:start_link_tag('member', 'list');
}
#link2 {
  Stag: fn:start_link_tag('member', 'list');
}
#link3 {
  STAG: fn:start_link_tag('member', 'list');
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-stag.plogic ex-stag.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
${fn:start_link_tag('member', 'list')}<img src="button1.png"></a>
${fn:start_link_tag('member', 'list')}<img src="button2.png"></a>
<c:out value="${fn:start_link_tag('member', 'list')}" escapeXml="false"/><img src="button3.png"></a>

1-4-4   Perl

<a href="#" id="mark:link1"><img src="button1.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link2"><img src="button2.png"></a>
<a href="#" id="mark:link3"><img src="button3.png"></a>

#link1 {
  stag: start_link_tag('member/list');
}
#link2 {
  Stag: start_link_tag('member/list');
}
#link3 {
  STAG: start_link_tag('member/list');
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-stag.plogic ex-stag.pdata
<?= start_link_tag('member/list') !><img src="button1.png"></a>
<?= encode_entities(start_link_tag('member/list')) !><img src="button2.png"></a>
<?= start_link_tag('member/list') !><img src="button3.png"></a>

1-5   etag, Etag, ETAG

stage:, Etag:, and ETAG: properties replaces the end-tag with expression value.

Etag: always escape expression value while ETAG: never escape it. etag: escapes when command-line option '-e' is specified or configuration option 'PROPERTY_ESCAPE' is ture.

1-5-1   Ruby

<li id="mark:item1">foo</li>
<li id="mark:item2">bar</li>
<li id="mark:item3">baz</li>

#item1 {
  etag: is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item2 {
  Etag: is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item3 {
  ETAG: is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-etag.plogic ex-etag.pdata
<li>foo<%= is_xml ? '</li>' : '' %>
<li>bar<%=h is_xml ? '</li>' : '' %>
<li>baz<%= is_xml ? '</li>' : '' %>

1-5-2   PHP

<li id="mark:item1">foo</li>
<li id="mark:item2">bar</li>
<li id="mark:item3">baz</li>

#item1 {
  etag: $is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item2 {
  Etag: $is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item3 {
  ETAG: $is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-etag.plogic ex-etag.pdata
<li>foo<?php echo $is_xml ? '</li>' : ''; ?>
<li>bar<?php echo htmlspecialchars($is_xml ? '</li>' : ''); ?>
<li>baz<?php echo $is_xml ? '</li>' : ''; ?>

1-5-3   JSP

<li id="mark:item1">foo</li>
<li id="mark:item2">bar</li>
<li id="mark:item3">baz</li>

#item1 {
  etag: is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item2 {
  Etag: is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item3 {
  ETAG: is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-etag.plogic ex-etag.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<li>foo${is_xml ? '</li>' : ''}
<li>bar${is_xml ? '</li>' : ''}
<li>baz<c:out value="${is_xml ? '</li>' : ''}" escapeXml="false"/>

1-5-4   Perl

<li id="mark:item1">foo</li>
<li id="mark:item2">bar</li>
<li id="mark:item3">baz</li>

#item1 {
  etag: $is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item2 {
  Etag: $is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}
#item3 {
  ETAG: $is_xml ? '</li>' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-etag.plogic ex-etag.pdata
<li>foo<?= $is_xml ? '</li>' : '' !>
<li>bar<?= encode_entities($is_xml ? '</li>' : '') !>
<li>baz<?= $is_xml ? '</li>' : '' !>

1-6   attrs, Attrs, ATTRS

attrs:, Attrs:, ATTRS:, property replaces or adds attributes.

Attrs: always escape expression value while ATTRS: never escape it. attrs: escapes when command-line option '-e' is specified or configuration option 'PROPERTY_ESCAPE' is ture.

Notice that the follwing will be parse error because Kwartz parses attrs: property with pattern matching.

#foo {
  attrs: 'class' klass, 'style' style;
}

1-6-1   Ruby

<p id="mark:item" class="para">
  AAA
</p>

#item {
  attrs: 'class' klass,
         'style' style;
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-attrs.plogic ex-attrs.pdata
<p class="<%= klass %>" style="<%= style %>">
  AAA
</p>

1-6-2   PHP

<p id="mark:item" class="para">
  AAA
</p>

#item {
  attrs: 'class' $class,
         'style' $style;
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-attrs.plogic ex-attrs.pdata
<p class="<?php echo $class; ?>" style="<?php echo $style; ?>">
  AAA
</p>

1-6-3   JSP

<p id="mark:item" class="para">
  AAA
</p>

#item {
  attrs: 'class' klass,
         'style' style;
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-attrs.plogic ex-attrs.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<p class="${klass}" style="${style}">
  AAA
</p>

1-6-4   Perl

<p id="mark:item" class="para">
  AAA
</p>

#item {
  attrs: 'class' $class,
         'style' $style;
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-attrs.plogic ex-attrs.pdata
<p class="<?= $class !>" style="<?= $style !>">
  AAA
</p>

1-7   append, Append, APPEND

append:, Append:, APPEND: directive appends expressions to the start tag.

Append: always escape expression value while APPEND: never escape it. append: escapes when command-line option '-e' is specified or configuration option 'PROPERTY_ESCAPE' is ture.

The following is an example to append several expressions.

#remember {
  append:  expr1,
           expr2,
           expr3;
}

Notice that the following will be parse error.

#remember {
  append:  expr1, expr2, expr3;
}

1-7-1   Ruby

<input type="checkboxk" id="mark:remember" value="y">Remeber me

#remember {
  append: flag ? ' checked' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-append.plogic ex-append.pdata
<input type="checkboxk" value="y"<%= flag ? ' checked' : '' %>>Remeber me

1-7-2   PHP

<input type="checkboxk" id="mark:remember" value="y">Remeber me

#remember {
  append: $flag ? ' checked' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-append.plogic ex-append.pdata
<input type="checkboxk" value="y"<?php echo $flag ? ' checked' : ''; ?>>Remeber me

1-7-3   JSP

<input type="checkboxk" id="mark:remember" value="y">Remeber me

#remember {
  append: flag ? ' checked' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-append.plogic ex-append.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<input type="checkboxk" value="y"${flag ? ' checked' : ''}>Remeber me

1-7-4   Perl

<input type="checkboxk" id="mark:remember" value="y">Remeber me

#remember {
  append: $flag ? ' checked' : '';
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-append.plogic ex-append.pdata
<input type="checkboxk" value="y"<?= $flag ? ' checked' : '' !>>Remeber me

1-8   remove

remove: property removes attributes.

1-8-1   Ruby

<p id="foo" class="paragraph" style="color: red">
 AAA
</p>

#foo {
  remove: 'id', 'style';
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-remove.plogic ex-remove.pdata
<p class="paragraph">
 AAA
</p>

1-8-2   PHP

<p id="foo" class="paragraph" style="color: red">
 AAA
</p>

#foo {
  remove: 'id', 'style';
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-remove.plogic ex-remove.pdata
<p class="paragraph">
 AAA
</p>

1-8-3   JSP

<p id="foo" class="paragraph" style="color: red">
 AAA
</p>

#foo {
  remove: 'id', 'style';
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-remove.plogic ex-remove.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<p class="paragraph">
 AAA
</p>

1-8-4   Perl

<p id="foo" class="paragraph" style="color: red">
 AAA
</p>

#foo {
  remove: 'id', 'style';
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-remove.plogic ex-remove.pdata
<p class="paragraph">
 AAA
</p>

1-9   logic

logic: property represents the presentation logic body of the element. In the logic: property, the folllowings are available.

_elem

represents the element

_stag

represents start-tag of the element

_cont

represents content of the element

_stag

represents end-tag of the element

_element(name)

represents the other element marked as name.

_content(name)

represents the content of other element marked as name.

In the logic: property, it is able to write statements in target language (Ruby, PHP, Java, Perl, and so on).

1-9-1   Ruby

<ul>
  <li id="mark:items">AAA</li>
</ul>

#items {
  value: item;
  logic: {
    @list.each do |item|
      _stag
      _cont
      _etag
    end
  }
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-logic.plogic ex-logic.pdata
<ul>
<%     @list.each do |item| %>
  <li><%= item %></li>
<%     end %>
</ul>

1-9-2   PHP

<ul>
  <li id="mark:items">AAA</li>
</ul>

#items {
  value: $item;
  logic: {
    foreach ($list as $item) {
      _stag();
      _cont();
      _etag();
    }
  }
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-logic.plogic ex-logic.pdata
<ul>
<?php     foreach ($list as $item) { ?>
  <li><?php echo $item; ?></li>
<?php     } ?>
</ul>

1-9-3   JSP

<ul>
  <li id="mark:items">AAA</li>
</ul>

#items {
  value: item;
  logic: {
    <c:forEach var="item" items="${list}">
      _stag();
      _cont();
      _etag();
    </c:forEach>
  }
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-logic.plogic ex-logic.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<ul>
    <c:forEach var="item" items="${list}">
  <li>${item}</li>
    </c:forEach>
</ul>

1-9-4   Perl

<ul>
  <li id="mark:items">AAA</li>
</ul>

#items {
  value: $item;
  logic: {
    foreach ($item in @list) {
      _stag();
      _cont();
      _etag();
    }
  }
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-logic.plogic ex-logic.pdata
<ul>
<?     foreach ($item in @list) { !>
  <li><?= $item !></li>
<?     } !>
</ul>

1-10   begin, end

begin: and end: property represents the prework and postwork of document respectively. These properties takes target code block and are available only with '#DOCUMENT' selector.

1-10-1   Ruby

<p>Hello <span id="mark:username">world</span>!</p>
<ul>
 <li id="mark:menu">menu item</li>
</ul>

#DOCUMENT {
  begin: {
    username = @context[:username]
    menulist = @context[:menulist]
  }
  end: {
    print "<!-- document end -->\n"
  }
}
#username {
  value:  username;
}
#menu {
  value: menu;
  logic: {
    for menu in menulist
      _elem
    end
  }
}

$ kwartz -l eruby -p ex-begin.plogic ex-begin.pdata
<%     username = @context[:username] %>
<%     menulist = @context[:menulist] %>
<p>Hello <span><%= username %></span>!</p>
<ul>
<%     for menu in menulist %>
 <li><%= menu %></li>
<%     end %>
</ul>
<%= "<!-- document end -->\n" %>

1-10-2   PHP

<p>Hello <span id="mark:username">world</span>!</p>
<ul>
 <li id="mark:menu">menu item</li>
</ul>

#DOCUMENT {
  begin: {
    $username = $context['username'];
    $menulist = $context['menulist'];
  }
  end: {
    print("<!-- document end -->\n");
  }
}
#username {
  value:  $username;
}
#menu {
  value: $menu;
  logic: {
    foreach ($menulist as $menu) {
      _elem();
    }
  }
}

$ kwartz -l php -p ex-begin.plogic ex-begin.pdata
<?php     $username = $context['username']; ?>
<?php     $menulist = $context['menulist']; ?>
<p>Hello <span><?php echo $username; ?></span>!</p>
<ul>
<?php     foreach ($menulist as $menu) { ?>
 <li><?php echo $menu; ?></li>
<?php     } ?>
</ul>
<?php echo "<!-- document end -->\n"; ?>

1-10-3   JSP

<p>Hello <span id="mark:username">world</span>!</p>
<ul>
 <li id="mark:menu">menu item</li>
</ul>

#DOCUMENT {
  begin: {
    <c:set var="username" value="${context.username}"/>
    <c:set var="menulist" value="${context.menulist}"/>
  }
  end: {
    <c:out value="<!-- document end -->\n"/>
  }
}
#username {
  value:  username;
}
#menu {
  value:  menu;
  logic: {
    <c:forEach var="menu" items="${menulist}">
      _elem();
    </c:forEach>
  }
}

$ kwartz -l jstl -p ex-begin.plogic ex-begin.pdata
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
    <c:set var="username" value="${context.username}"/>
    <c:set var="menulist" value="${context.menulist}"/>
<p>Hello <span>${username}</span>!</p>
<ul>
    <c:forEach var="menu" items="${menulist}">
 <li>${menu}</li>
    </c:forEach>
</ul>
    <c:out value="<!-- document end -->\n"/>

1-10-4   Perl

<p>Hello <span id="mark:username">world</span>!</p>
<ul>
 <li id="mark:menu">menu item</li>
</ul>

#DOCUMENT {
  begin: {
    $username = $context{'username'};
    @menulist = $context{'menulist'};
  }
  end: {
    print("<!-- document end -->\n");
  }
}
#username {
  value:  $username;
}
#menu {
  value: $menu;
  logic: {
    foreach ($menu in @menulist) {
      _elem();
    }
  }
}

$ kwartz -l eperl -p ex-begin.plogic ex-begin.pdata
<?     $username = $context{'username'}; !>
<?     @menulist = $context{'menulist'}; !>
<p>Hello <span><?= $username !></span>!</p>
<ul>
<?     foreach ($menu in @menulist) { !>
 <li><?= $menu !></li>
<?     } !>
</ul>
<?= "<!-- document end -->\n" !>

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